Type II supernova SN 2020jfo investigated in detail

A global group of researchers have carried out high-cadence photometric and spectroscopic observations of a Kind II supernova often called SN 2020jfo. Outcomes of the observational marketing campaign, introduced November 5 on arXiv.org, ship necessary insights into the character and properties of this supernova.

Kind II supernovae (SNe) are the outcomes of fast collapse and violent explosion of huge stars (with lots above 8.0 solar masses). They’re distinguished from different SNe by the presence of hydrogen of their spectra. Based mostly on the form of their gentle curves, they’re often divided into Kind IIL and Kind IIP. Kind IIL SNe present a gradual (linear) decline after the explosion, whereas Kind IIP exhibit a interval of slower decline (a plateau) that’s adopted by a standard decay.

SN 2020jfo (also referred to as ZTF20aaynrrh) was detected with the Palomar Schmidt 48-inch Samuel Oschin telescope on Might 6, 2020, as a part of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey. It exploded within the outskirts of the face-on spiral galaxy M61, situated some 47.3 million light years away. SN 2020jfo was categorized as a Kind II SN based mostly on spectra from the Liverpool Telescope (LT) and the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), acquired 17 hours after the detection.

With a purpose to shed extra gentle on the character of SN 2020jfo, a gaggle of astronomers led by Bhavya Ailawadhi of the Aryabhatta Analysis Institute of Observational Sciences in India, commenced a high-cadence photometric and spectroscopic observations of this SN in ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared bands, three days after the explosion. For this goal, they used NASA’s Swift spacecraft and a set of assorted ground-based observing services worldwide.

“We current high-cadence photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2020jfo in ultraviolet and optical/near-infrared bands ranging from ∼ 3 to ∼ 434 days after the explosion, together with the earliest knowledge with the ten.4 m GTC [Gran Telescopio Canarias],” the researchers wrote within the paper.

The observations discovered that the plateau phase after the explosion was comparatively brief because it lasted roughly 67 days. It was famous that not like different SNe II with shorter plateau period, SN 2020jfo is fainter, with a peak absolute V-band magnitude of −16.90 magazine.

The outcomes point out that regardless of the shorter plateau period in SN 2020jfo, the impartial atomic hydrogen (HI) absorption options in its plateau-phase spectra are remarkably sturdy, suggesting a comparatively excessive hydrogen-envelope mass. Furthermore, the spectra of SN 2020jfo present sturdy steel strains when put next with different SNe II at related epochs and with comparable plateau lengths.

In response to the researchers, the progenitor mass of SN 2020jfo is almost definitely between 12 and 15 solar lots, whereas its ejecta mass, at a stage of 13.6 solar lots, turned out to be a lot greater than that of the Kind II SNe. All in all, the authors of the research concluded that though SN 2020jfo has a brief plateau size, its parameters are extra just like these of regular SNe IIP.

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